Obese people outnumber smokers two to one

肥胖人群已经超过吸烟人群，两者的比例为2:1

上海译锐翻译    2019-7-8       17:05 p.m.

New figures from Cancer Research UK show that people who are obese now outnumber people who smoke two to one in the UK*, and excess weight causes more cases of certain cancers than smoking, as the charity urges Government action to tackle obesity.

来自英国癌症研究的新数据表明，英国的肥胖人群已经超越吸烟人群并达到吸烟人群的2倍。与吸烟相比，超重会导致更多例癌症。因此，慈善机构要求政府采取行动以对抗肥胖。

Excess weight：超重

Tackle： ['tæk ə l]处理，对付〔难题〕

Almost a third of UK adults are obese and, while smoking is still the nation's biggest preventable cause of cancer and carries a much higher risk of the disease than obesity, Cancer Research UK's analysis revealed that being overweight or obese trumps smoking as the leading cause of four different types of cancer.

几乎有三分之一的英国人属于肥胖人群。尽管吸烟仍然是英国最大的、可以预防的癌症原因并且与肥胖相比具有更高的致病风险，英国的癌症研究分析表明，超重或肥胖已经超过吸烟而成为四类癌症的头号原因。

Excess weight causes around 1,900 more cases of bowel cancer than smoking in the UK each year. The same worrying pattern is true of cancer in the kidneys (1,400 more cases caused by excess weight than by smoking each year in the UK), ovaries (460) and liver (180).

在英国，每年因为超重而导致的直肠癌比吸烟多出大约1900例。同样的情况体现在肾脏癌（在英国，每年由于超重而导致的肾癌比吸烟多出1400例）、卵巢癌（460例）和肝癌（180例）。

bowel cancer：直肠癌

Cancer Research UK launched a nationwide campaign this week to increase awareness of the link between obesity and cancer. Extra body fat sends out signals that can tell cells to divide more often and can cause damage that builds up over time and raises the risk of cancer.

英国癌症研究于本周在全国范围内推出一项运动，该运动旨在加强人们对肥胖和癌症之间关联性的认知。额外的脂肪会发出一种信号，这种信号会让细胞更加频繁的分裂并会导致细胞损害。这种损害会随着时间的推移而不断累积并使患癌的风险增加。

The campaign compares smoking and obesity to show how policy change can help people form healthier habits, not to compare tobacco with food.

该运动将吸烟和肥胖进行比较，以表明改变政策可以帮助人们养成更加健康的习惯，而非将烟草和食物进行比较。

Michelle Mitchell, Cancer Research UK's chief executive, said: "As smoking rates fall and obesity rates rise, we can clearly see the impact on a national health crisis when the Government puts policies in place -- and when it puts its head in the sand.

英国癌症研究的首席行政长官Michelle Mitchell表示：“随着吸烟率的下降和肥胖率的增加，我们可以清楚地看到，当政府正确采取政策以及当政府采取鸵鸟政策时，其对全国健康危机所产生的影响。”

To put one's head in the sand：逃避或鸵鸟政策

"Our children could be a smoke-free generation, but we've hit a devastating record high for childhood obesity, and now we need urgent Government intervention to end the epidemic. They still have a chance to save lives.

“我们的孩子可能会成为不吸烟的一代。但是，我们的儿童肥胖已经史无前例创历史新高。现在，我们继续政府采取干预措施，以结束这场蔓延全国的肥胖。他们仍然有机会挽回自己的性命。”

record high：创历史新高

"Scientists have so far identified that obesity causes 13 types of cancer but the mechanisms aren't fully understood. So further research is needed to find out more about the ways extra body fat can lead to cancer."

“科学家们目前已经探明，肥胖可以引起13种癌症，但是引起癌症的机理却仍然未完全搞清楚。因此，需要进一步研究以了解更多有关身体多余脂肪导致癌症的途径。”

The charity wants the Government to act on its ambition to halve childhood obesity rates by 2030 and introduce a 9pm watershed for junk food adverts on TV and online, alongside other measures such as restricting promotional offers on unhealthy food and drinks.

慈善机构希望政府能够下定决心，到2030年，使儿童肥胖率减少一半并推出垃圾食品电视和网络广告晚上九点播出的分水岭。此外，还可相应推出其他举措，比如限制不健康食品和饮品的促销宣传。

Professor Linda Bauld, Cancer Research UK's prevention expert, commented: "There isn't a silver bullet to reduce obesity, but the huge fall in smoking over the years -- partly thanks to advertising and environmental bans -- shows that Government-led change works. It was needed to tackle sky-high smoking rates, and now the same is true for obesity.

Linda Bauld教授是英国癌症研究的预防专家。她评论道：“减少肥胖并没有灵丹妙药。但是，数年来，吸烟人群的显著下降，部分归功于广告和环境限制，表明由政府主导的措施还是奏效了。过去，我们需要应对极高的吸烟率，现在同样需要应对肥胖率。”

silver bullet：杀手锏、灵丹妙药

sky-high：极高的

"The world we live in doesn't make it easy to be healthy and we need Government action to fix that, but people can also make changes themselves; small things like swapping junk food for healthier options and keeping active can all add up to help reduce cancer risk."

“在我们所生活的世界，保持健康并非易事。我们需要政府来改变这一局面。同时，人们也可以自己进行改变；用更健康的饮食替换垃圾食品以及保持运动这些小事都可以帮助我们减少患癌症的风险。”

文章来源：科学日报     编辑：Susan