DRINKING THREE CUPS OF COFFEE A DAY INCREASES RISK OF MIGRAINE, STUDY SUGGESTS

一天喝三杯咖啡会增加偏头痛的风险

上海译锐翻译  2019-8-9   17:15

Drinking too much coffee is linked with an increased risk of getting a migraine, new research suggests.

一项新的研究表明，喝过多咖啡会导致患偏头痛的风险增加

In a study published in the American Journal of Medicine, US researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), Brigham and Women’s Hospital and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (HSPH) evaluated the role of caffeinated beverages as a potential trigger of migraines.

在一项发表于《美国医学杂志》的研究中，贝斯以色列女执事医疗中心（BIDMC）、布莱根妇女医院以及哈佛陈曾熙公共卫生学院的美国研究人员评估了含咖啡因饮料在引发偏头痛方面所起的作用。

Researchers found that for those who experience migraines, one to two servings of caffeinated drinks, such as coffee, cola and tea, were not associated with headaches on that day.

研究人员们发现，对于有过偏头痛的人而言，一天喝1到2杯含咖啡因饮料，比如咖啡、可乐和茶，不会在当天引发头痛。

Serving：（食物）一份、一客

However, drinking three or more were associated with higher odds of a migraine headache on the same day, or the following day, the study suggests.

但是，如果一天喝三杯或三杯以上含咖啡因饮料，则极有可能在同一天或第二天出现偏头痛。

Odds：可能性、概率、机会

According to the NHS, a migraine is a “moderate or severe headache felt as a throbbing pain on one side of the head”.

根据英国国家医疗服务系统，偏头痛是一种“中等程度或严重的头痛，患者会在头的一侧感觉到一种抽痛。”

throbbing pain：抽痛

Many people also have symptoms such as feeling sick, being sick and increased sensitivity to light or sound.

许多人还会出现恶心、呕吐以及对光或声音变敏感等症状。

The Migraine Research Foundation (MRF) states that migraine is the third most prevalent illness in the world and affects approximately 1.04 billion adults worldwide.

偏头痛研究基金会（MRF）表明，偏头痛是全球第三大常见疾病并影响着全球大约10.4亿成人。

In the prospective cohort study, 98 adults completed electronic diaries every morning and every evening for at least six weeks.

在前瞻性群组研究中，98位成人连续6周每天早晚记录电子日记。

prospective cohort study：前瞻性群组研究

Every day, they reported the total servings of caffeinated coffee, tea, soft and energy drinks they consumed.

每天，他们都要记录下这一天所饮用的含咖啡因的咖啡、茶、软饮以及功能饮料的总杯数。

energy drink：功能饮料

They also filled out twice daily headache reports detailing the onset, duration, intensity and medications used for migraines since the previous diary entry.

在完成前一天的日记记录后，他们每天还要记录2次偏头痛的情况，并详细说明偏头痛的发生时间、持续时间、强度以及所服用的药物。

Participants also detailed information about other common migraine triggers, including medication use, alcoholic beverage intake, activity levels, depressive symptoms, psychological stress, sleep patterns and menstrual cycles.

参与人员还要详细记录有关其他导致偏头痛的常见因素，包括药物使用、服用酒精饮料、活动程度、抑郁症状、心理压力、睡眠模式以及月经周期。

Scientists compared an individual’s incidence of migraines on days with caffeinated beverage intake to their incidence of migraines on days when they had no caffeinated drinks.

科学家们对比了个人在饮用咖啡因饮料期间和不喝咖啡因饮料期间偏头痛发生的几率。

This eliminated the potential for factors such as sex, age, and other individual demographic, behavioural and environmental factors to confound the data.

这一方法避免了性别、年龄以及其他个人人口统计、行为以及环境因素等让数据混淆的可能。

The data showed that those who had three caffeinated drinks had a 27 per cent chance of a migraine on that day. 

数据表明，一天喝三杯含咖啡因饮料的人群当天出现偏头痛的概率为27%。

Baseline data indicated that participants typically experienced an average of five headaches per month – and 66 per cent of them usually consumed one to two servings of caffeinated drinks daily.

基本数据表明，在平均每个月出现5次偏头痛的参与者当中，66%的人通常每天会和1到2杯含咖啡因饮料。

Lead investigator Elizabeth Mostofsky said the role of caffeine in relation to migraines “is particularly complex, because it may trigger an attack but also helps control symptoms”.

首席调查人员Elizabeth Mostofsky在谈到咖啡因与偏头痛的关系时表明：“咖啡因所起的作用特别复杂，因为它极可能引起不适，也可以帮助控制症状。”

Mostofsky added: “Caffeine’s impact depends both on dose and on frequency, but because there have been few prospective studies on the immediate risk of migraine headaches following caffeinated beverage intake, there is limited evidence to formulate dietary recommendations for people with migraines.”

Mostofsky补充表示：“咖啡因的影响取决于量和频次。但是，由于很少有关于摄入含咖啡因饮料后随即发生偏头痛的前瞻性研究，因此缺乏足够证据来为受偏头痛影响的人群制定饮食建议。”

prospective studies：前瞻性研究

The news follows a recent report from Florida Atlantic University and Harvard Medical School which found that drinking coffee or tea just before bed does not affect quality of sleep.

在这一研究结果发表之前，是最近一篇来自佛罗里达大西洋大学和哈佛医学院的报告。报告发现，在入睡前饮用咖啡或茶不会影响睡眠质量。

The study found that while nicotine and alcohol did disrupt sleep duration and efficiency – with a pre-bed cigarette taking 42 minutes off total duration of sleep for insomniacs (a person who is regularly unable to sleep) – caffeine seemed to have no effect.

研究发现，尽管尼古丁和酒精会使睡眠中断并影响睡眠效率-睡前吸烟会让失眠患者的总睡眠时间减少42分钟，但是咖啡因似乎对此没有任何影响。

Insomniacs：患失眠症人群

文章来源：独立报   编辑：Susan