The world's most powerful passports for 2021

2021年全球最有影响力的护照

The global gap in travel freedoms has never been wider, says the latest report by London-based global citizenship and residence advisory firm Henley & Partners.

位于伦敦的全球公民权利和居住地咨询公司Henley & Partners的最新报告称，全球在旅行自由方面的差距从未如此之大。

The firm's Henley Passport Index, based on exclusive data provided by the International Air Transport Association (IATA), has been regularly monitoring the world's most travel-friendly passports since 2006.

从2006年开始，公司推出的Henley 护照指数，以国际航空运输协会所提供的独家数据为依据，定期观察全球最适合旅行的护照。

It says that increasing travel barriers that have been introduced over the past 18 months of the Covid pandemic have resulted in the widest global mobility gap in the index's 16-year history.

根据该指数，在过去受新冠疫情影响的18个月，不断增加的旅行门槛使指数首次呈现出16年以来最大的全球流动差距。

The index doesn't take temporary restrictions into account, so leaving actual current travel access aside, holders of the passports at the top of its ranking -- Japan and Singapore -- are able, in theory, to travel visa-free to 192 destinations.

指数并未将临时的限制考虑在内，因此撇开当前实际的旅行访问权不谈，护照排名第一的-日本和新加坡护照的持有者，理论上可以免签证前往193个目的地。

That's 166 more destinations than Afghan nationals, who sit at the bottom of the index of 199 passports, and can access just 26 countries without requiring a visa in advance.

这比阿富汗人多出166个目的地。阿富汗护照排在199个护照的最后，持有阿富汗护照只可以免签证前往26个国家。

Europe dominates

欧洲占据主导

Further down the top 10, the rankings remains virtually unchanged as we enter the final quarter of 2021. South Korea is tied with Germany in second place (with a score of 190) and Finland, Italy, Luxembourg, Spain are all together in third place (with a score of 189).

随着我们进入2021年的最后一个季度，前10名的排名几乎没有变化。韩国和德国并列第二（分数为190），芬兰、意大利、卢森堡和西班牙都排在第三（分数为189）。

EU countries dominate the top of the list as usual, with Austria and Denmark in fourth place and France, Ireland, Netherlands, Portugal, Sweden in fifth place.

欧洲国家和往常一样占据名单的前列，奥地利、丹麦排第四，法国、爱尔兰、荷兰、葡萄牙和瑞典并列第五。

New Zealand, which announced this week that it was moving away from its Covid-19 elimination strategy in favor of a vaccine certificate system, is in sixth place alongside Belgium and Switzerland.

本周宣布其将放弃新冠消除战略并转向疫苗认证体系的新西兰与巴西和瑞典排在第六位。

The United States and the United Kingdom, which held the top spot together back in 2014, are now more modestly placed in the rankings. They are at No. 7, alongside the Czech Republic, Greece, Malta and Norway, with visa-free or visa-on-demand access to 185 destinations.

在2014年并列第一的美国和英国目前排名中等，与捷克共和国、希腊、马耳他和挪威并列第七，可以免签证或按需提供签证访问185个目的地。

Australia and Canada are in eighth place, Hungary is ninth, and Lithuania, Poland and Slovakia have together broken into the No.10 spot, with a score of 182.

奥地利和加拿大排在第8，匈牙利第9，立陶宛、波兰和斯洛伐克冲入前十，以182分排在第十位。

'Growing inequalities'

‘逐渐增加的不平等’

The Henley & Partners report points to "growing inequalities" and makes the suggestion that "restrictive policies initially introduced to contain the spread of Covid-19 are now being conveniently applied to contain mobility from the global south."

Henley&Partners的报告指出了“逐渐增加的不平等”并建议“最初用来遏制新冠疫情传播的限制政策”现在正在被直接用于遏制来自地球南部的流动。

Mehari Taddele Maru, a fellow at the United Nations University Institute on Comparative Regional Integration Studies, comments in the report that, "The global north has been enforcing aggressive migration containment strategies for some time now through the rigid application of border controls, undermining the movement of persons in various ways.

联合国大学比较区域一体化研究研究所的研究员Mehari Teddele Maru在报告中评论说：“一段时间以来，地球北部国家通过严格的边界管控来采取激进的迁移遏制政策，这样的举措从各个方面破坏了人的流动。”

"Covid-19-associated travel restrictions are new additions to the toolbox of migration containment instruments employed by the global north to curb mobility from the global south."

“与新冠疫情相关的旅行限制成为迁移遏制政策办法中的一个新选项。这些办法被地球北部国家用来遏制来自南部的流动。”

Christian H. Kaelin, chair of Henley & Partners and creator of the passport index concept, says that these decisions could have far-reaching consequences.

Henley&Partners的董事会主席兼护照指数概念创始人Christian H. Kaelin表示，这些决策可能会产生深远的影响。

"If we want to restart the global economy, it is critical that developed nations encourage inward migration flows, as opposed to persisting with outmoded restrictions," he says. "Resourceful countries need to futureproof their economies by attracting and welcoming the upcoming generation."

他表示：“如果我们想要重新启动全球经济，发达国家要鼓励向内的迁移流动，而不是坚持采用过时的限制，这一点很重要。资源丰富的国家需要通过吸引和欢迎未来的一代以使经济能够顺应时代的要求。”

The best passports to hold in 2021 are:

2021年最佳的护照有：

1.Japan, Singapore (192 destinations)

2.日本、新加坡（192个目的地）

3.Germany, South Korea (190)

4.德国、韩国（190）

3.Finland, Italy, Luxembourg, Spain (189)

4.芬兰、意大利、卢森堡、西班牙（189）

5.Austria, Denmark (188)

6.奥地利、丹麦（188）

5.France, Ireland, Netherlands, Portugal, Sweden (187)

6.法国、爱尔兰、荷兰、葡萄牙、瑞典（187）

7.Belgium, New Zealand, Switzerland (186)

8.比利时、新西兰、瑞典（186）

7.Czech Republic, Greece, Malta, Norway, United Kingdom, United States (185)

8.捷克共和国、希腊、马耳他、挪威、英国、美国（185）

9.Australia, Canada (184)

10.奥地利、加拿大（184）

9.Hungary (183)

10.匈牙利（183）

11.Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia (182)

12.立陶宛、波兰、斯洛伐克（182）

The worst passports to hold

免签目的地最少的护照

Several countries around the world have visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to fewer than 40 countries. These include:

全世界有几个国家对不到40个国家实行免签或落地签证。这些国家包括：

109.North Korea (39 destinations)

110.朝鲜（39个目的地）

111.Nepal and Palestinian territories (37)

112.尼泊尔和巴勒斯坦领土（37）

111.Somalia (34)

112.索马里（34）

113.Yemen (33)

114.也门（33）

113.Pakistan (31)

114.巴基斯坦（31）

115.Syria (29)

116.叙利亚（29）

115.Iraq (28)

116.伊拉克（28）

117.Afghanistan (26)

118.阿富汗（26）

来源：CNN   编辑&整理：译锐翻译Susan