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As the fall season approaches and colder temperatures set in, there's a silver lining to look up to -- literally -- as the harvest moon makes its debut on September 20, bringing plenty of bright moonlight.
随着秋天的临近，天气渐渐转凉，夜空中的月亮也变得分外明亮-满月将在9月20日首次出现，为夜空带来明亮的月光。
The full moon known as the harvest moon, as it traditionally gave farmers more time to harvest their summer-grown crops into the night, will make its appearance Monday night soon after sunset.
满月也称为获月。根据传统，获月会让农民有更多的时间在晚上收割在夏季所种下的庄稼。在周一的晚上，获月在太阳落山后就会出现。
Appearing two days before the autumnal equinox this year, the full moon can first be seen at 7:55 p.m. ET, 17 minutes after sunset, according to NASA.
根据NASA，满月比今年的秋分提早2天出现。最早看见满月的时间为东部时间傍晚7点55份，即日落后17分钟。
autumnal equinox：秋分
During the few days surrounding the harvest moon's appearance, the moonrise will occur within just 25 to 30 minutes across the northern United States and only 10 to 20 minutes in farther north Canada and Europe, according to NASA.
根据NASA，在满月出现的前后几天，月亮会在25到30分钟内在美国北部升起，而在更远的加拿大北部和欧洲，月亮的升起时间仅仅为10到20分钟。
Typically, the moon rises around sunset and about 50 minutes later each day, according to EarthSky. But when a full moon occurs near an autumn equinox, like the harvest moon, the moon rises closer to the time of sunset, creating a dusk-till-dawn moonlight for several nights in a row.
根据EarthSky的介绍，一般来说，月亮会在日落后升起并在之后每天都会推迟大约50分钟。但是，当满月在秋分临近时出现，就像获月，月亮升起的时间和日落时间更接近，这样月光就会连续几个晚上从黄昏持续到黎明。
This year's harvest moon will be the last of the summer season for those living in the Northern Hemisphere, while for those in the Southern Hemisphere it will be the fourth winter full moon, according to EarthSky.
根据EarthSky，对于生活在北半球的人们而言，今年的获月将是夏季最后的一次满月，而对于生活在南半球的人们而言，这将是第4个冬季满月。
The harvest moon may seem bigger and brighter than other full moons, and that's because this moon is physically closer to the horizon. The location of this moon gives the illusion of largeness, despite not being any bigger than other full moons.
与其他满月相比，获月看上去似乎更大、更明亮。这是因为获月实际上离地平线更近。月亮所在的位置给人一种大的感觉，尽管获月其实并没有比其他满月大。
Another quirk to the harvest moon is its color -- it may look especially orange. That's also due to the fact that the harvest moon is closer to the horizon, which creates a greater thickness of Earth's atmosphere creating an orange hue, according to EarthSky.
根据EarthSky，获月的另一个与众不同之处是它的颜色-它看上去似乎是橙色的。这也是因为获月离地平线更近，而这使地球大气变得更厚并从而形成橙色的色调。
Quirk：怪异、怪癖
It's been a year of unusual celestial activity, with a rare third full moon, known as a Blue Moon, making an appearance in late August. Typically, it's more common for a season to have three full moons, however this year there will be four that occur in just one season alone, between the June solstice and September equinox.
今年是天文气象非常不寻常的一年。今年出现了罕见的第三个满月，也就是一个月中的第二个满月，在8月末出现了。一般来说，一个季节有3次满月是更加常见的。但是，在今年，仅在一个季节，也就是6月夏至和9月秋分之间，就出现了4次满月。
Blue Moon：一个月中第二个满月
June solstice：6月夏至
Upcoming sky schedule
即将出现的天文现象时间表
Throughout the remainder of 2021, you might be able to catch these space and sky events depending on your location.
在2021年剩下的时间里，根据你所在的位置，你也许可以看到以下天文现象。
The full moons and their names, according to The Old Farmer's Almanac:
根据《老农夫年鉴》（The Old Farmer's Almanac），各种满月和它们的名字：
• September 20: harvest moon
9月20日：获月
• October 20: hunter's moon
10月20日：狩猎月
• November 19: beaver moon
11月19日： 河狸月
• December 18: cold moon
12月18日：寒月
Meteor showers, according to EarthSky's 2021 meteor shower guide:
根据EarthySky 2021流星雨指南，流星雨出现的时间和名字：
• October 8: Draconids
10月8日：天龙座流星雨
• October 21: Orionids
10月21日：猎户座流星雨
• November 4-5: South Taurids
11月4日-5日：金牛座南流星雨
• November 11-12: North Taurids
11月11日-12日：金牛座北流星雨
• November 17: Leonids
11月17日：狮子座流星雨
• December 13-14: Geminids
12月13日-14日：双子座流星雨
• December 22: Ursids
12月22日：小熊座流星雨
When planets will be visible
可以看见行星的时间
Skywatchers will have multiple opportunities to spot the planets during certain mornings and evenings throughout the rest of 2021, according to the Farmer's Almanac planetary guide.
根据《老农夫年鉴》中的行星指南，在2021年其余的时间里，天文观测者在某些早晨和晚上还有很多发现行星的机会。
Seeing most of these -- except Neptune -- with the naked eye is possible, but binoculars or a telescope will provide the best view.
除了海王星，大部分行星可以用肉眼看到，但是双筒望远镜或天文望远镜会带来最佳的观测景象。
Mercury will appear as a bright star in the morning sky from October 18 to November 1. It will shine in the night sky until September 21, and November 29 to December 31.
从10月18日到11月1日，水星，如同一颗明亮的星星，将在早晨的天空出现。它将在夜晚发光，一直到9月21日。在11月29日到12月31日之间，水星也会在夜晚发光。
Venus, our closest neighbor in the solar system, will appear in the western sky at dusk in the evenings through December 31. It's the second-brightest object in our sky, after the moon.
金星，在太阳系中与我们距离最近的行星，将会在12月31日的傍晚时分在西方的天空出现。金星是我们天空中继太阳之后第二亮的行星。
Mars makes its reddish appearance in the morning sky between November 24 and December 31.
火星会在11月24日至12月31日之间在早晨的天空中露出有点发红的“身影”。
Jupiter, the largest planet in our solar system, is the third-brightest object in our sky. Look for it in the evenings from now until December 31.
木星，太阳系中最大的行星，是天空中第三亮的星球。从现在开始直到12月31日，你可以在夜晚的天空中找到它。
Saturn's rings are only visible through a telescope, but the planet itself can still be seen with the naked eye in the evenings until December 31.
土星环只能通过天文望远镜看见，但是在12月31日之前，土星本身在晚上用肉眼还是可以看见的。
Saturn's rings：土星环
Binoculars or a telescope will help you spot the greenish glow of Uranus in the mornings through November 3 and in the evenings from November 4 to December 31. It will be at its brightest now until December 31.
双筒望远镜或天文望远镜可以在11月3日的早晨和11月4日到12月31日的晚上帮助你发现天王星泛绿的光芒。在12月31日之前，天王星将呈现出最亮的光芒。
And our most distant neighbor in the solar system, Neptune, will be visible through a telescope in the evenings now until December 31. It will be at its brightest until November 8.
从现在直到12月31日的晚上，我们在太阳系中最远的邻居，也就是海王星，可以通过天文望远镜看到。海王星将呈现出最亮的光芒，直到11月8日。
来源：CNN 编辑&翻译：Susan